Kirche
The stone cross with the date 1619 indicates the enlargement to the far side; the number 1710 on the other side of the stone indicates the coarsening in the opposite direction.
In 1823 the cemetery was still surrounded by a thornhag. Pastor Henhöfer wanted the cemetery to be closed to the public by bleaching the wood and building a wall around it.
The main street of Graben around the middle of the 18th century with the old church, which was demolished in 1873 and in its place the new church was built.
Pastors in Graben
What does Graben mean?
The place name "Graben" is most likely an original job title: "am Graben" (namely at the moat of the castle where the village originated, or at the moat of the Pfinz, which falls here into the Rhine lowlands). (Graben Gemeinde Website)
Margrave
Graben is mentioned for the first time in 1306: On March 22, 1306, the Ubstadt “edel knecht Swiger” promised the Margrave Rudolf of Baden the right of first refusal in his part of the village of Graben. Four years later, on November 26, 1310, Swiger's brother Dietrich then sold all of his inheritance from his father Gerhart to the Margrave of Baden. There were still a number of quarrels between the Ubstadtern and the margrave, but in two documents from August 8 and 16, 1312, the sale of the castle and the village of Graben was finally sealed. So Graben had been part of the Margraviate of Baden since 1312, but since the early 15th century the castle and office of Graben remained only under fief for over 300 years (until 1746) under Electoral Palatinate sovereignty and the Margrave of Baden. (Graben Gemeinde Website)
The Margraves sell Graben
The ditch was a feast for the nobility. "My gracious prince and lord, because of the three Huoben acres, also imprisoned wooden justice in the Baurenwald to Graben as other owners of the Huoben dafelbft," the camp books report. The noble and influential citizens of the village were the respective lords of the castles, for many centuries the Margraves of Baden-Durlach. Due to the personal relations of the citizens of Graben with the sovereigns, the border town of Graben enjoyed many advantages. The lordship of Befißtum as: Buildings, gardens, fields, cottages and woods, form an outstanding part of the village's assets due to their construction, size, privileged location and the continuity of the administration in the Lauf period. The castle with Berchfrit and kennel, surrounded by wall and ditch, served the lordship of the dwelling. On the plan with the note: Tenth to Neudorf. Rent and Calf Pasture, which are annually increased by the Karlsruhe domain administration for the purpose of haymaking, find all other parts of the manor have been transferred to the Benefit of the municipality of Graben or individual citizens. (Graben by Frederick Kemm, 1920)
1410-1467 Hans Pfaff
1467-1484 Johannes Schultheiss (mayor) von Durlach
1484-1456 Martinus Heilet, Plebanus (priest in Latin)
1535 When the Margraviate of Baden was divided between brothers Bernhard III. and Ernst in 1535, Graben came under the Margraviate of Baden-Durlach
In 1556, Margrave Charles II of Baden-Durlach introduced Lutheranism in the Margraviate of Baden-Durlach. He also moved his residence from Pforzheim to Durlach giving the Margraviate its name.1500s
This may have been all the harder for Graben, since it was probably with a certain degree of glare that it lasted several years, especially in the late 16th and early 17th century. From 1577 to 1586 and from 1604 to 1617 Graben Castle had served as the widows of two margrave countesses, both with the first name Anna. The former, a native Countess of the Palatinate near Rhein, was very rich in blessings for Graben after her death. As early as 1581 she had deposited 2,000 guldens in Pforzheim, whose interest of 100 guldens was used to pay the annual interest to poor widows and orphans of the Graben. (Graben by Konrad Dussel)
Religion
The effects of the Reformation led to the fact that the inhabitants of Graben adopted the new doctrine through the introduction of the reformed faith ordered by Margrave Charles II of Baden-Durlach in 1556. (Graben Gemeinde Website)
1566-1571 Caspar Gössler
1571-1630 Johann Ettstein or Johann Jetzstein
1630-1642 Mathias Miller von Augsburg (Augsburg, Bavaria is one of Germany’s oldest cities. The varied architecture in its center includes medieval guild houses, the 11th-century St. Mary's cathedral and the onion-domed Sankt Ulrich und Afra Abbey.) (Grabstein auf den Friedhof.) (Translation: Mathias's Gravestone in the Cemetery) Mathias Miller was born 1594 in Augsburg and died in Graben in 1632.
1642-1645 Johann Kratzer
The wars of the 17th century brought great misery to Graben. The Thirty Years' War from 1618 to 1648 took a heavy toll. In 1622, Graben had 145 citizens, by 1648 there were only 42 citizens
The warlike 17th century
The most terrible times of Graben's long history lived in the 17th century. Three great wars brought heavy suffering to the area and partly to the whole German southwest. The Thirty Years' War 1618-1648 and the so-called Palatinate War of Succession 1688-1697 have - quite rightly - left particularly deep marks in the collective memory, but in the case of the Graben, the Franco-German war of 1674-1679 must not be forgotten. Although it has not yet been given a name of its own by the historians, it brought much suffering and destruction to the region.
(Graben by Konrad Dussel)
1635 - 30 Years War
After the Swedes suffered a great defeat at Nördlingen in 1635,
the emperor sought to seize the moment. The Protestant Margrave with
his land between the Catholic margrave Wilhelm from Baden-Baden
and Elector Maximilian of Bavaria. The new lords tried to force through the re-Catholization of the country by force. In the Graben Castle there were Jesuits.
It is a matter of judging the quality of the church's work, and it is virtually impossible to achieve evangelical worship. In the end, despite all protests and requests, the Castle was even banned and May 27, 1643 was set as the day of emigration for the Protestant clergy. Already in August, however, this was taken back again a little, because those were in urgent need of military intervention. Real peace, however, did not come until 1648, when the many warring parties in Münster had agreed to put an end to the long murder. There, among other things, they agreed to exercise free rule according to the status of 1618. (Note: In other words after the 30 Years war they went back to the Catholic and Protestant status at the beginning of the war) (Graben by Konrad Dussel)
30 Years War
The Thirty Years' War (1618-1648) brought much hardship and misery to the ditch. The population loss around Bruchsal averaged 80 percent. “In 1622, 1150 acres of arable land were cultivated, after peace in 1648 only 296 acres. 135 buildings were destroyed, in 1622 the ditch had 145 citizens, in 1648 there were only 42 left. ”The wars related to France's reunion policy under Louis XIV and the Palatinate Succession War also had devastating consequences for Ditch. So destroyed on March 31st / 1st April 1675 the French dug the castle from the Philippsburg fortress, which had been in French hands since the Peace of Westphalia (1648), and in spring 1689 they burned down the entire village "except for one old house". Quiet. (Graben Gemeinde Website)
Graben Cattle after the 30 Years War
All over the place, the stocktaking of losses was the order of the day. Schultheiss Munk drew up the following summary in 1653: Buildings have been burned and torn = 135, Vicarage and barn burned down. Change at the burgers, horses and livestock:
1622 1653
burgers 145 42
horses 345 stock 62 stock
cattle 400 stock 71 stock.
(Graben by Konrad Dussel)
Graben Castle 1600s
Graben Castle 1600s
Graben Castle seems to have come through the war reasonably well,
because there is always the military demand as a quarters and finally the Jesuits
when they served on the base. Afterwards, however, it was probably neglected. In 1666, however, it was restored to a habitable condition and fortified to such an extent that it was also habitable with...it offered protection. It could not really prove its worth with any of them; at the next it has already been destroyed.
In 1661 Louis XIV took over the government in France. The foreign policy goal of the later "Sun King" was hegemony over Europe and the consolidation of the state in the northeast and east. The Rhine was to form the natural border of France. (Graben by Konrad Dussel)
Castle
We know next to nothing about the appearance of the building on the left bank of the Pfinz, which is often referred to as the "castle", and which only the names "Schloßstraße" and "Schloßplatz" remind us of today. It was probably a sober building, but it served its purpose well.
The Graben office, which was abolished at the beginning of the 18th century and added to the new residential city of Karlsruhe, was always anything but impressive: It consisted of just three villages: Graben, Liedolsheim and Rußheim, which is why the coat of arms of the municipality of Graben was created in 1901 had united the horseshoe, as the village symbol of Liedolsheim and Rußheim, with the "talking" spade (= grave logs) used for the village and official name Graben. The office building was located in the south of the castle district at today's Schloßplatz and formed part of the buildings belonging to the castle. (Graben Gemeinde Website)
1645-1650 Johann Jakob Zaysser von Hornberg (During the Thirty Years' War Hornburg was occupied by the Imperial field marshal Johann Tserclaes von Tilly in 1626, but conquered by Swedish troops in 1630. In 1645 the Swedish military Hans Christoff von Königsmarck finally had the castle destroyed.)
1650-1652 M Jonas Anwander
1652-1654 Augustin Langer von Bamberg (The witch trials of the 17th century claimed about one thousand victims in Bamberg, reaching a climax between 1626 and 1631, under the rule of Prince-Bishop Johann Georg II Fuchs von Dornheim. The famous Drudenhaus (witch prison), built in 1627, is no longer standing today.)
1654-1656 Ludwig Bach von Durlaw (Durlach) (Durlach was chosen by the margrave Charles II in 1565 as residence of the rulers of Baden-Durlach, and retained this distinction though it was almost totally destroyed by the French in 1689.)
1656-1663 Martin Luzius von Augsburg, (second Priest from here) (Augsburg, Bavaria is one of Germany’s oldest cities. The varied architecture in its center includes medieval guild houses, the 11th-century St. Mary's cathedral and the onion-domed Sankt Ulrich und Afra abbey.) (Grabstein auf den Friedhof.) (Translation: Mathias's Gravestone in the Cemetery) served with Augusta Vindel
1663-1671 Sebastian Aepinus Aping
1671-1674 Johann Georg Pantzhaff von Urach in Württemberg (Württemberg was devastated in the Thirty Years’ War (1618–48) and fell prey to French invasions from 1688 until 1693 during the War of the Grand Alliance. Yet the country enjoyed progressive government. Compulsory education was introduced in 1649.)
French
The tactics of the French were not to occupy land, but to wear it down by means of constant devastation. On 8 October 1675 they invaded Graben again. Hanß Jakob Rausch, a citizen of Graben, reported on this: "At the time of the 111th anniversary of the death of the French, and all the inhabitants of Graben were unaware of why they had come into the village and two of them were in front of the house, one of them had smashed the windows with his pipe and hit a maiden in front of her forehead that she had fallen off the bench. The other one pushed the man and told him to take his wife and children away that he wanted to burn. The soldier who had been bedridden with the light on immediately infected a straw mop, took a straw mop and infected his neighbor with a large saucer filled with straw and hay, which then stood in flames, as did the stain on it. Kircze, city hall, Sczulzeißen house and some have been saved with large military. What the French got their hands on, they took with them, including 16 of the best horses. (Graben by Konrad Dussel)
The French Destroy the Graben Mill 1676
On 20 January 1676 the mill was destroyed by the French. In 1681 the owner Veltin König started the reconstruction and received considerable relief: In the first year he was to pay only 10 times, in the second 20 and in the third year 30 times grain. With 30 malters it should then remain for 18 years. After that, he was to pay five times more every year until the old level of 60 times was reached again. This was to be continued for 26 years, then this newly built mill in the village of Graben would have to be paid for 60 times rye and 5 pigs or 5 fl.
However, this contract, calculated for more than 50 years, could only be concluded until 1688....will be held. On 11 November the French moved into Winterquartier in Graben, and the following year they destroyed the village and the mill. Müller Veltin König was thereupon issued the Gült for 1690 and 1691; for 1689 he still had to pay 14 times more and from 1692 on 20 times again. The only problem was that König did not have any more mills. When, after a short time, he started to set up at least one grinding course again provisionally, it became clear that the actual situation had changed dramatically: A French governor resided in Philapsburg, who was very angry that the Graben mill had been put back into operation without his permission. Therefore, he completely burned what was still in the stain, which then happened and of the least, including the wood for the millet(s), was spared, as the Schultheiss (Mayor or Sheriff) later reported. (Graben by Konrad Dussel)
French Destruction
During the reign of Eberhard Louis (1676–1733), who succeeded as a one-year-old when his father Duke William Louis died in 1677, Württemberg had to face another destructive enemy, Louis XIV of France. In 1688, 1703 and 1707, the French entered the duchy and inflicted brutalities and suffering upon the inhabitants. The sparsely populated country afforded a welcome to fugitive Waldenses, who did something to restore it to prosperity, but the extravagance of the duke, anxious to provide for the expensive tastes of his mistress, Christiana Wilhelmina von Grävenitz, undermined this benefit. (Baden History)
The French Destroy the Graben Mill 1676
On 20 January 1676 the mill was destroyed by the French. In 1681 the owner Veltin König started the reconstruction and received considerable relief: In the first year he was to pay only 10 times, in the second 20 and in the third year 30 times grain. With 30 malters it should then remain for 18 years. After that, he was to pay five times more every year until the old level of 60 times was reached again. This was to be continued for 26 years, then this newly built mill in the village of Graben would have to be paid for 60 times rye and 5 pigs or 5 fl.
However, this contract, calculated for more than 50 years, could only be concluded until 1688....will be held. On 11 November the French moved into Winterquartier in Graben, and the following year they destroyed the village and the mill. Müller Veltin König was thereupon issued the Gült for 1690 and 1691; for 1689 he still had to pay 14 times more and from 1692 on 20 times again. The only problem was that König did not have any more mills. When, after a short time, he started to set up at least one grinding course again provisionally, it became clear that the actual situation had changed dramatically: A French governor resided in Philapsburg, who was very angry that the Graben mill had been put back into operation without his permission. Therefore, he completely burned what was still in the stain, which then happened and of the least, including the wood for the millet(s), was spared, as the Schultheiss (Mayor or Sheriff) later reported. (Graben by Konrad Dussel)
1674-1677 Johann Oswald Crusius (Crusig) von Ravensburg (Following the Reformation a "paritetic" government emerged in Ravensburg meaning an equal distribution of public offices between the Catholic and Protestant confession. This system was approved at the end of the Thirty Years' War in the Peace of Westphalia (1648).
1677-1682 Immanuel Rösch von Geislingen (The fortified Helfenstein castle existed since 1100.) (In 1644 Hochstetten had its own pastor, named Joh. Friedr. Buß; In 1677 there was Immanuel Rösch.)
1682-1692 Konrad Stadmann von Durlach (Durlach was chosen by the margrave Charles II in 1565 as residence of the rulers of Baden-Durlach, and retained this distinction though it was almost totally destroyed by the French in 1689.) handwriting changes in Nov 1692
1692-1698 Philipp Lindemann von Spöck vicariando versehen worden (Translation: Pfarrer Philipp Lindemann came from Spöck to serve in Graben)
1888 In the War of the Grand Alliance (1688-1697), the French destroyed Graben, so that only the church, city hall and some buildings remained. The inhabitants of the village were forced into the forests and in the surrounding area. Peace, order and prosperity did not return until the middle of the 18th century.
1698-1700 Johann Philipp Bauderer (Born 1645 in Leonberg, 1700 in Graben, 1665 Masters , 1671 pastor in Winnenden, 1682 in Freudenstein, 1691 in Backnang, 1698 up to his death in 1700 in Graben )
1700-1703 Johann Christoph Blum
1703-1706 Joh. Alb. Obermüller (born in 1666 in Langenburg † died in1729 Liedolsheim, 1703 in Graben , 1706 in Brötzingen, 1719 up to his death in 1729 pastor in Liedolsheim) (Johnn had a son who was the treasurer and later writer Christian Obermüller and his II. wife Dorothea Meerwein and this couple had a son: Obermüller, Friedrich Christian)
1706 In Graben there is a complaint that Kaspar Dieffenbacher is still in an old cellar of the burnt down castle together with one of his children, but that his wife and the other children are with his father-in-law. He also says that imagined Dieffenbacher lives like a heathen, threatening his wife with murder, but the mayor with fire, so that nobody dares to tell him anything.
The church at Graben was rebuilt in 1706 after it had been cremated by the French (1689); in 1742 there are some gravestones in it, which had been set for the Protestant-Lutheran officers who died in neighboring Philippsburg. There are three bells, one of 11 hundredweight, one of 5 hundredweight and one of 80 pounds. On the middle one are the names of the bailiff Kemling and the priest Obermüller and other persons. The smallest one is only rung in times of war, when the others have fled.
Among the vasa sacra (holy vessels in the church) are mentioned: a silver-gilt paten with the date 1710 and the names of the priest, the mayor and the almsman. A tin edge of 1 measure with the number 1712 and the name Georg Michel Raichert.
The parsonage was built in 1719 by the lordship; it stands beside the church and has two rooms with chambers at the bottom. (Source: Wikisource: Local history reports from the Karlsruhe area from the first half of the 18th century. By Benedikt Schwarz)
1706-1714 Ernst Friedrich Weber (or Wider, a franc meaning a Franconian
1714-1719 Daniel Niklas ( born in Nördlingen † died 1719 in Graben, 1695 deacon, 1701 pastor in Aalen)
Graben a Simple Village
Already in 1715 an important course for the future of the country had been set: After the Peace of Rastatt, Margrave Karl Wilhelm, Karl Friedrich's Great father, had a hunting lodge built in the Hardtwald - the basis for the late residence Karlsruhe. Soon afterwards the office of Graben was abolished and assigned to the new office of Karlsruhe. Graben lost its official seat and became a simple village. It was not until 1746 that the magnificent land rights of the Electorate Palatinate were replaced by the former Graben and Stein offices, which had had to be seceded in 1424, with 150,000 gulden. (Graben by Konrad Dussel)
Mayor 1700s
The mayor of Graben (like the mayor of Baden) was not a "Bürgermeister". He received this title only in 1830. Before that, the word had a different meaning, as the "Bürgermeister" were only the administrators of the municipal treasury, i.e. the predecessors of the "Gemeindereclmer".
Until well into the 18th century there were always two of them, one of the Municipal administrator , the other of the council. If they had closed the municipal account to Martini, they resigned from their office and were replaced by two new Mayor replaces. It is no longer possible to say exactly when this regulation was abandoned in Graben, because the annual records were not handed down in the last the office of Council President, as the jurisdiction in the village was restricted. Before his councillors gave their advice, the mayor had to note down the orders arriving from Karl's rest. However, there were no clear instructions as to how this had been done. (Graben by Konrad Dussel)
1719-1738 Andreas Weber, Alsatua (an Alsatian)
1738-1757 F. C. H. Beck
1737 In Berghausen there is a particular rebuke that the youth during the service drive the oxen to pasture. A large part of the protocols are filled in with the complaints and grievances of the persons questioned during the visitation, the priest, the teacher, the mayor, the local superior, the midwife, etc. In Rüppurr in 1737, Pastor Huber complained that the Gottesacker was not fenced in, which is why the cattle, especially the pigs, ransacked the graves; those from Graben and Rußheim, Weber and Hoyer complained that too much dancing was allowed on the holidays, "whereby often great nocturnal lushness took place, and the whole night was swarming with people. In Liedolsheim, Pastor Fugger wants the burnt-down church to be rebuilt, and von Spöck, Roller, brings forward the old complaint that the community does not want to grant the teacher the newly built school building. The parish priest of Eggenstein is not satisfied with his teacher; "he does not administer his office as it should be, does not come to school at the right time and has to be woken from sleep almost every morning". Otherwise, the parish priests are all very satisfied with the teachers' way of life and their school work, just as the mayors in general do not have to complain about the parish priests. One midwife, the Eggensteiner, complains that she is not paid the regular fee for her work. (Source: Wikisource: Local history reports from the Karlsruhe area from the first half of the 18th century. By Benedikt Schwarz)
Margrave
The long reign of Margrave Karl Friedrich: when he came to the throne at the age of ten in 1738, he was able to take over the government in 1746 and hold it in his hands until his death in 1811 - and since 1771 also over the Baden-Baden lands. (Graben by Konrad Dussel)
1739 The 1739 visitation offers nothing remarkable.
1740 During the 1740 visitation, there were complaints in Knielingen that the pastor "often travelled to the towns and elsewhere" and that the school was very poorly attended.
In Linkenheim they wish that Vespers would be timed because of the too great lack of light in the church.
The community of Graben "does not wish for a better pastor, because he has changed so much in all respects that there is no longer any need to complain about him".
1742 In 1742 Graben counted 78 households, Protestant, except for about 42 souls Roman Catholic. Number of school children: 80.
Pastor Vetterlin in Eggenstein does not want to like the fact that the congregation, if anything can be detected, runs to the inn after the service has been held; he also does not want to allow the teacher to preach the funeral sermon, because he thought that he was pretending absurd things in it. The younger of the two midwives was found garrula et in vestitu sordida (loquacious and unclean in her clothes) and was therefore punished.
The secular superiors of Graben are not satisfied with their priest, saying that he is too "sleepy for them and maintains good friendship with the teacher, the nightly frequentation of the school building seems very suspicious to the congregation".
In Söllingen, pastor Waag complains about the nightly playing in the inns. (Source: Wikisource: Local history reports from the Karlsruhe area from the first half of the 18th century. By Benedikt Schwarz)
1743 Graben in 1743, there were again differences between the sheriff and the priest; the latter complained that the sheriff had accepted a Catholic widow into the community against the princely decree, that on a monthly day of penance and prayer he had let his son carry hay, and that on the feast of the Holy Trinity he had read out the community accounts in the town hall, whereby quarrels arose. Mayor Christoph Kemp, on the other hand, put the following on record: "On the last day of Easter the brother of the pastor, the Chancellor's list, was with the pastor, as was a Catholic soldier from Philippsburg. Since everyone thinks that the service will be held by the pastor in the afternoon, the only person from the parsonage who was present was the schoolmaster - his name is Konr. Keplinger - and to everyone's amazement, he was seen going to church with heavily powdered hair, and then read a chapter in it before the altar, but in such a way that everyone could see how he had been given too much wine. The deer landlord Jakob Holtz in Graben has a wine buying process with the Kanzlisten, the brother of the priest. (Source: Wikisource: Local history reports from the Karlsruhe area from the first half of the 18th century. By Benedikt Schwarz)
In 1751, according to the protocol, we find in the community of Graben "everything calm that next to God can be attributed to the precise care of the discreet Schultheißen (Mayors or Sheriffs) - his name was Christoph Kemp"
As Vicar he had Ernst Friedrich Wider von Weissenburg, who later became a pastor in Graben. (Source: Wikisource: Local history reports from the Karlsruhe area from the first half of the 18th century. By Benedikt Schwarz)
The village and its inhabitants 1700s
For centuries the village and its inhabitants had not had a pillar (record) of their own; when it appears in documents and records, it is actually only as an object of superior rule. All other aspects left almost no traces. It was not until the 18th century that this began to change gradually, and more and more records and documents give an impression of life in Graben and its rules. Very often, however, they are only fragments, because at that time, no self-evident facts were written down, and so many questions remain open or cannot be answered with the certainty that is the rule for later years.
Even the question of municipal offices is a problem in itself, and is initially quite easy to answer. Most important was the mayor appointed by the authorities for life. He had not only administrative but also judicial functions, where he was supported by a group of jurors, the so-called court relatives. In addition, there was also the council. However, the council and the court almost always acted together, so that it is difficult to make out exact differences. And how exactly did one become a sheriff, a court relative or a councillor? For Graben, clear answers can only be given for the 19th century. For earlier times, one has to be content with misleading names and little additional information. (Graben by Konrad Dussel)
1755 Streets
In 1755, the streets began to be paved. The material for this came largely from the ruins of the (Graben) castle. The mayor's name was written above it. Some of them need to be paved: "It has come to pass that the most gracious lordship of the parish." (Graben by Konrad Dussel)
1757-1798 J. J. Ritter (born 1726 in Durlach † died 1798 in Graben, 1751 deacon in Durlach , 1753 pastor in Teutschneureut)
In 1771 when the Margraviate of Baden was reestablished Graben came under its jurisdiction.
1798-1808 Gottlieb. Bernhard Fecht (born in Wengen, where his father was a pastor, died † 1851 in Cork, attended from 1781 to the Latin school in Kandern, where his father had been promoted to, from 1786 to the Illustre high school in Karlsruhe, from 1789 to the University of Jena, where he passed the theological state examination in 1791. From 1791 to 1798 he was vicar in Thiengen and Auggen, pastor in Graben since 1797. Dean in Cork since 1808. In 1823 he was taken over as "Dean's business") .Literature on this Sermons and their historical cause / Gottlieb Bernhard Fecht. - Karlsruhe: Braun, 1824. - XX, 128 p. can be borrowed from the Baden State Library in Karlsruhe [O44A 247]
1808-1814 L. Chr. Sachs (born 1780 in Karlsruhe †1850 in Karlsruhe , (1 year court and city vicar in Karlsruhe, 1 1/2 years field preacher in Preussen, 6 1/2 years pastor in Graben , 7 years court deacon in Bruchsal , since 1821 2nd parish priest and dean of the Landiöcese Karlsruhe.) his last entry was Oct 13 1814.
1814-1823 G. Beck (born 1784 zu Langensteinbach. died † 1852, 1808 vicar in the court and city church of Karlsruhe, from 1814 pastor in Graben , 1823 deacon in Durlach and pastor in Wolfartsweier, 1841 - 1850 dean of the Durlach church district
1823-1827 Aloys Henhöfer (German Theologian born at Vøolkerback (Near Carlsruhe) July 11 1789, died at Spöck Dec 5, 1862. He was born of roman Catholic parents and in 1811 entered the University of Freiburg, later attending the seminary at Meersburg, where he was ordained priest. After acting fo three years as a private tutor, he was appointed to the parish of Mühlhausen in 1818. His sermons soon began to show a marked Evangelical tendency, deepened by his reading of Boo's pamphlet Christus Für uns und in uns. Henhöfer made many enemies, however and the episcopal vicar at Bruchal requested him to vindicate himself. In reply he published his Christliches Glaubensbekenntnis des Pfarrers Henhöfer von Mühlhausen (Heidelberg 1823) which caused his excommunication from the roman Catholic Church. Together with many members of his former congregation, he joined the Evangelical Church, and was installed as pastor of Graben (near Carlsruhe) in 1823. Four years later he was appointed to the pastorate of Spöck, where he officiated for thirty-five years. Together with several young theologians, whom he had converted, he published a signed protest against a new catechism which had been introduced by the church authorities, which was characteristic of their lukewarm spirit. This pamphlet, published in 1830 and entitled Der neue Landeskatechismus der evangelischen Kirche des Grossherzogtums Baden, geprütf nach der heilgen Schrift und den symbolischen Büchern, became immensely popular, and gave rise to a lively controversy, in which even a Catholic clergyman took part, only to be refuted by Henhöfer in his Biblische Lehre vom Heilswege und von der Kirche (Speyer, 1832) while only the Christliche Mittelungen, of which he was one of the founders, aided his Evangelical propaganda. The French Revolution of 1830, and the inner disturbances which agitated Germany in 1848 and 1849, caused a religious upheaval in in Baden in favor of liberalism, and Henhöfer was compelled to flee to Stuttgart. During the latter years of his life he published Baden und seine Revolution. Ursache und Heilung (anonymously); Die wahre katholische Kirch und ihr Oberhaupt (Heidelberg, 1845 and others. (Sources: Bibliography: E. Frommel, Aus den Leben des Dr. Aloys Henhöfer, Carlsruhe, 1865 and F. von Weech, Badische Biographien, 2 vol. Darmstadt, 1875, from The New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge .....Volume 5 edited by Albert Hauck)
1827-1840 Christoph Käss (born 1796 Mannheim † died 1843 in Diedelsheim, studies in Heidelberg, exams in 1816, then vicar of the French community in Mannheim, 1821 pastor in Hochstetten, 1827 in Graben , 1840 - to his death in 1843 in Diedelsheim - "originally more fanatical nationalist took Käss to influence Henhöfers he initially had fought in the strongest terms, a strictly positive attitude a . co-founder of the bad. association for external Mission. One of seven upright in the Catechism dispute, he in the by -invasive various headings ". Pastor's Book of Evangelical Church of Baden from the Reformation to the Present (1939) - D. Heinrich Neu])
1840-1845 A. Köchlin
1845-1859 G. Crecelius
In 1748, the question of whether another village belonged to it was answered in Graben:
"A quarter of an hour from here is a place called Neudorff, which 200 years ago was parished here according to the local camp book; however, after the gracious lordship left the country, the bishop of Speyer built a chapel there and instructed the congregation to the ordained priest in Wiesental.
In 1751 we find, according to the protocol in the community of Graben, "everything quiet, what next to God may be ascribed to the exact view of the prudent mayor - his name was Christoph Kemp". (Source: Wikisource: Local history reports from the Karlsruhe area from the first half of the 18th century. By Benedikt Schwarz)
1859-1897 Heinrich Konrad Johann (maybe Zimmern as an added name) (Born 8 July 1825 in Heidelberg, † died 21 December 1896 in Graben, Studies in Jena, Berlin, Marburg and Heidelberg, exams in 1850, then pastor in Emmendingen, 1853 in Buchenberg, 1858 up to his death in 1896 Pastor in Graben , dean of the church district of Karlsruhe-Land since 1881, co-founder of the Black Forest rescue center Hornberg (today a retirement home)
1897-1926 Friedrich Wilhelm Christian Schweickert (born 1862 in Karlsruhe, † died 1942 in Heidelberg ( son of Georg Martin Schweickert, seminar teacher in Karlsruhe, studies in Erlangen, Leipzig, Berlin and Heidelberg, exams in 1886, then pastor in Ittlingen, 1887 in Tannenkirch, 1888 in Mannheim-Neckarau, 1890 in Mannheim, 1892 in Palmbach, 1897 - 1926 in Graben , 9 June1892 married to Johanna Leibfried birth 19 Feb1870, a pastor's daughter from Daudenzell).
Teachers in Graben
1657 Hans Georg Rausch; bittet um Gntrichtung
16 jährigen Befoldungsrüdftandes (Appointment of auditors)
1663 Hans Martin Milig
1861 Georg Heinrich Curtus (Gurtig)
1864 Philipp Landmann
1685 Johann Kaspar Seefels
1687 Johann Georg Habner
1698 Johann Valentin Klobe
1708 Johann Käpplinger
1724 Johann Georg Palmer (Schuladjunct)
1734 Konrad Gottlieb Käpplinger
1754 Johann Jakob Stober
1755 Georg Michael Ratzel
1788 Friedrich Maag
1825 Schullehrer Fren
1850 Hauptlehrer Maner
1866 Hauptlehrer (main teacher) Quitz
1871Hauptlehrer Rudi
1875 Hauptlehrer Kemm, Karl
1877 Hauptlehrer Obländer
1881 Hauptlehrer Schied
1883 Hauptlehrer Priesenbanz
1892 Hauptlehrer Fath
1893 Hauptlehrer Herzer
1900 Hauptlehrer Grün, Konrad
1905 Hauptlehrer Edert
1910 Hauptlehrer Kohler
1915 Hauptlehrer Leifer
1818 Hauptlehrer Grün, Grnft
Schultheiss (Mayor or Sheriff)
1467 Heintz Knolle
1474 Michel Müller
1521 Erhard Ochenbacher
1554 Hans Heil
1562 Hans Ochenbacher
1575 Hans May
1585 Hans Hüenlin
1588 Mathis Süss
1614 Kaspar Hach
1632 Christoph Munk (Munckh)
1668 Hans Andreas Maintzer
1671 Jakob Süss
1691 Johann Mathis Zaisloff
1700 Christoph Keller
1706 Peter Keller (Bruder d.Ch.)
1728 Hans Michel Cammerer
1732 Christoph Kemm
1752 Johann Philipp Kemm (Sohn)
1786 Friedrich Nägele
1799 Wilhelm Becker
1812 Christoph Süss
1822 Christoph Kemm
Bürgermeister
1830 Christoph Kemm
1836 Martin Suss
1846 Philipp Kammerer
1858 Jakob Weid
1864 Wilhelm Heinle1467 Heintz Knolle
1474 Michel Müller
1521 Erhard Ochenbacher
1554 Hans Heil
1562 Hans Ochenbacher
1575 Hans May
1585 Hans Hüenlin
1588 Mathis Süss
1614 Kaspar Hach
1632 Christoph Munk (Munckh)
1668 Hans Andreas Maintzer
1671 Jakob Süss
1691 Johann Mathis Zaisloff
1700 Christoph Keller
1706 Peter Keller (Bruder d.Ch.)
1728 Hans Michel Cammerer
1732 Christoph Kemm
1752 Johann Philipp Kemm (Sohn)
1786 Friedrich Nägele
1799 Wilhelm Becker
1812 Christoph Süss
1822 Christoph Kemm
Bürgermeister
1830 Christoph Kemm
1836 Martin Suss
1846 Philipp Kammerer
1858 Jakob Weid
1871 Wilhelm Becker
1875 August Kammerer
1893 Wilhelm Zimmermann
Graben Sheriffs
1467 Heintz Tuber
1474 Michel Müller
1521 Erhard Ochsenbacher
1554 Hans Heil
1562 Hans Ochsenbacher
1575 HansMay
1585 Hans Hüenlin
1588 Mathis Süß
1614 Kaspar Weber
1624 Hans Hach
1632 Christoph Munk (Munckh)
1668 Hans Andreas Maintzer
1671 Jakob Süß
1691 Johann Mathis Zaisloff
1700 Christoph Keller
1706 Peter Keller (brother the Ch.)
1728 Hans Michel Cammerer
1732 Christoph Kemm
1752 Johann Philipp Kemm (son)
1786 Friedrich Nägele
1799 Wilhelm Becker
1812 Christoph Süß
1822 Christoph Kemm
1713 Letter
We read from such a one (request letter):
Graben, the 4 March 1713
I have a indeed a free (of charge), but too small flat in the Schaeferhäuslein. (small house called little shepherd house))
But for my little pupils, at the moment 80 (too small to accomodate the pupils in my house's living room ?)
For lack of a pastor house and the pastor lives in the schoolhouse.
We have to help ourselves with this much too little house, in which the shepherd lived before.
It is far away from the church (one quarter of an hour to walk) and too remote of the community (Flecken) and not easy to reach for the the quite big number of pupils (children).
It is too far away - you do not (even) hear the church bells and when they the bells announce the hours (half hours etc.). (they did not have any watches)
The path way is nearly impossible in bad weather (mean time) because of too much dirt on the street (swamp, not paved way, lousy street).
John Käpplinger
Schoolmaster
Matthäus Müller (1628 - 1632) * 1594 in Augsburg † 1632 in Graben
Johann Georg Panzkoffer (1671-1674) (* Aurach Württemberg , studies in Strasbourg, 1652 pastor in Pfulgriesheim, 1656 in Remchingen with the branches Wilferdingen and Singen, 1666 in Eggenstein, 1667 in Langensteinbach, 1671 - 1674 in Graben , the Evangelical Church of Baden called Parzav or Parzhaff)
1692 -1698 the community Graben was served by Spöck
Johann Philipp Bauder (1698 - 1700) * 1645 in Leonberg 1700 in Graben (1665 Masters , 1671 pastor in Winnenden, 1682 in Freudenstein, 1691 in Backnang, 1698 up to his death in 1700 in Graben )
Johann Albrecht Obermüller (1703 - 1706) * 1666 in Langenburg † 1729 Liedolsheim (1,692 pastors in Rüppurr with Wolfartsweier, 1703 in Graben , 1706 in Brötzingen, 1719 up to his death in 1729 pastor in Liedolsheim)
Obermüller, Friedrich Christian (Nr. 3861) (*Pf):aus Stein (B) - 29.5.1782 Eichstetten; Sohn des Schatzungseinnehmers und späteren Landschreibers Christian Obermüller und dessen II. Ehefrau Dorothea Meerwein; Enkel des Pfarrers Johann Albrecht Obermüller 1703-1706 († 1729 Liedolsheim; vgl. Neu 2, 443); Stud. imm. Jena WS 1759, 4.5.1763 imm. Straßburg ("von Durlach"); 1762/64 lutherischer Konrektor, 1764/68 Prorektor Grünstadt, 1772/82 Präz. und Diakon Müllheim; 1782 Pfarrer in Eichstetten; °° vermutlich II. Ehe mit Anna Katharina Schmidt (* 29.1.1760 Eichstetten - 21.11.1836 Emmendingen; °° II. Ehe 15.11.1784 mit Daniel Heinrich Sprenger, Kaufmann in Emmendingen) (vgl. Neu 2, 443; Biundo: Pfarrerbuch, a.a.O., S. 332 Nr. 3861 iVm Ergänzungen zum Pfälzischen Pfarrerbuch von Georg Biundo Buchstaben O und P (Nr. 3851-4140); in Blätter für Pfälzische Kirchengeschichte und religiöse Volkskunde 1988, S. 72; Bibliothek Ref, Archiv 3 Kleine Beiträge Nr. 78a).
Obermüller, Friedrich Christian (Nr. 3861) (*Pf):aus Stein (B) - 29.5.1782 Eichstetten; Sohn des Schatzungseinnehmers und späteren Landschreibers Christian Obermüller und dessen II. Ehefrau Dorothea Meerwein; Enkel des Pfarrers Johann Albrecht Obermüller 1703-1706 († 1729 Liedolsheim; vgl. Neu 2, 443); Stud. imm. Jena WS 1759, 4.5.1763 imm. Straßburg ("von Durlach"); 1762/64 lutherischer Konrektor, 1764/68 Prorektor Grünstadt, 1772/82 Präz. und Diakon Müllheim; 1782 Pfarrer in Eichstetten; °° vermutlich II. Ehe mit Anna Katharina Schmidt (* 29.1.1760 Eichstetten - 21.11.1836 Emmendingen; °° II. Ehe 15.11.1784 mit Daniel Heinrich Sprenger, Kaufmann in Emmendingen) (vgl. Neu 2, 443; Biundo: Pfarrerbuch, a.a.O., S. 332 Nr. 3861 iVm Ergänzungen zum Pfälzischen Pfarrerbuch von Georg Biundo Buchstaben O und P (Nr. 3851-4140); in Blätter für Pfälzische Kirchengeschichte und religiöse Volkskunde 1988, S. 72; Bibliothek Ref, Archiv 3 Kleine Beiträge Nr. 78a).
Ritter, Johann Christoph, Töpfer, ältester Sohn des Organisten Johann Jacob Ritter (1757-1797) n Bischleben bei Erfurt, 5. Oktober 1734, 9 fl. 8 gr. inkl. Gebühr »als einer vor dem Thore wohnende.« Tr 1734, 8.11.: Meister Joh. Christoph Ritter, Bürger und Töpffer allhier, Herrn Joh. Jacob Ritters, Organistens in Bischleben, Eheleibl. ältester Sohn ein Junggeselle, und Frau Anna Sophia, M
Gottlieb Bernhard Fecht (1798 - 1808) * 1771 in crowd † 1851 in Cork (born in Wengen, where his father was a pastor , attended from 1781 to the Latin school in Kandern, where his father had been promoted to, from 1786 to the Illustre high school in Karlsruhe, from 1789 to the University of Jena, where he passed the theological state examination in 1791. From 1791 to 1798 he was vicar in Thiengen and Auggen, pastor in Graben since 1797. Dean in Cork since 1808. In 1823 he was taken over as "Dean's business") .Literature on this Sermons and their historical cause / Gottlieb Bernhard Fecht. - Karlsruhe: Braun, 1824. - XX, 128 p. can be borrowed from the Baden State Library in Karlsruhe [O44A 247]
Ludwig Christian Sachs (1808-1814) * 1780 in Karlsruhe †1850 in Karlsruhe , (1 year court and city vicar in Karlsruhe, 1 1/2 years field preacher in Preussen, 6 1/2 years pastor in Graben , 7 years court deacon in Bruchsal , since 1821 2nd parish priest and dean of the Landiöcese Karlsruhe
Aloys Henhöfer. (1823-1827) German Theologian born at Vøolkerback (Near Carlsruhe) July 11 1789, died at Spöck Dec 5, 1862. He was born of roman Catholic parents and in 1811 entered the University of Freiburg, later attending the seminary at Meersburg, where he was ordained priest. After acting fo three years as a private tutor, he was appointed to the parish of Mühlhausen in 1818. His sermons soon began to show a marked Evangelical tendency, deepened by his reading of Boo's pamphlet Christus Für uns und in uns. Henhöfer made many enemies, however and the episcopal vicar at Bruchal requested him to vindicate himself. In reply he published his Christliches Glaubensbekenntnis des Pfarrers Henhöfer von Mühlhausen (Heidelberg 1823) which caused his excommunication from the roman Catholic Church. Together with many members of his former congregation, he joined the Evangelical Church, and was installed as pastor of Graben (near Carlsruhe) in 1823. Four years later he was appointed to the pastorate of Spöck, where he officiated for thirty-five years. Together with several young theologians, whom he had converted, he published a signed protest against a new catechism which had been introduced by the church authorities, which was characteristic of their lukewarm spirit. This pamphlet, published in 1830 and entitled Der neue Landeskatechismus der evangelischen Kirche des Grossherzogtums Baden, geprütf nach der heilgen Schrift und den symbolischen Büchern, became immensely popular, and gave rise to a lively controversy, in which even a Catholic clergyman took part, only to be refuted by Henhöfer in his Biblische Lehre vom Heilswege und von der Kirche (Speyer, 1832) while only the Christliche Mittelungen, of which he was one of the founders, aided his Evangelical propaganda.
The French Revolution of 1830, and the inner disturbances which agitated Germany in 1848 and 1849, caused a religious upheaval in in Baden in favor of liberalism, and Henhöfer was compelled to flee to Stuttgart. During the latter years of his life he published Baden und seine Revolution. Ursache und Heilung (anonymously); Die wahre katholische Kirch und ihr Oberhaupt (Heidelberg, 1845 and others. (Sources: Bibliography: E. Frommel, Aus den Leben des Dr. Aloys Henhöfer, Carlsruhe, 1865 and F. von Weech, Badische Biographien, 2 vol. Darmstadt, 1875, from The New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge .....Volume 5 edited by Albert Hauck)
Local history reports from the Karlsruhe area from the first half of the 18th century.
By Benedikt Schwarz
1706 In Graben , complaints are made that Kaspar Dieffenbacher is still in the old cellar of the burned-down castle with one of his children, but that his wife and the other children are with his father-in-law. Dieffenbacher, too, lived like a pagan by threatening his wife with murder, but the school hotter with fire, so that no one more dared to tell him anything.
1706 The church at Graben was rebuilt in 1706 after it was cremated by the French in 1689; in 1742 there are some tombstones that were placed on the Evangelical Lutheran officers who died in neighboring Philippsburg. There are three bells, one by 11 hundredweights, one by 5 hundredweights and one by 80 pounds. The middle one contains the names of the bailiff Kemling and the pastor Obermüller and others. The smallest is only rung in times of war when the others have fled.
1710 Among the vasa sacra (sacred vessels in the church) are mentioned: a silver-gilt paten with the year 1710 and the names of the pastor, the schultheißen (Mayor) and the charity. A tin edge of 1 measure with the number 1712 and the name Georg Michel Raichert.
1736 In front of us are the church and school visitation records and reports for the "Diocese" Karlsruhe from 1736. In addition to their rich content, they contain an abundance of local history materials of such importance that we consider their communication at this point to be appropriate. The Diocese of Karlsruhe at that time comprised the offices of Mühlburg, Graben, some of the Oberamt Durlach and the newly founded Baden residence, which was temporarily considered an office.
1737 In Rüppurr in 1737, Pastor Huber complained that the field of God was not fenced in, which is why the cattle, especially the pigs, were digging around the graves; von Graben and Russheim , Weber and Hoyer complain that too much dancing permission is given on the holidays, "whereby there are often great nightly luxuries and people rave about the whole night".
1738 The secular superiors of Graben are not satisfied with their pastor that he is too "sleepy and maintain good friendship with the teacher, the congregation's night-time traffic is very suspicious to the congregation".
1740 The parish of Graben "does not wish for a better pastor because he has changed in all parts so that no more complaints can be made about him".
In 1742, Graben had 78 households, Protestant, except for around 42 Roman Catholic souls. Number of school children: 80.
1743 In 1743 there were again differences between Schultheiß (Mayor) and Pastor in Graben ; the latter complains that the Schultheiß, (Mayor) against the princely decree, had taken a Catholic woman into the parish, that he had hay led by his son on a monthly day of repentance and bed, and that he had read out the parish bill at the Trinity Festival in the town hall, whereby Quarrel had arisen. Schultheiß (Mayor) Christoph Kemp, on the other hand, records the following: “On the last Easter day, the pastor's brother, the chancellor, was with the pastor, as was a Catholic Soldier from Philippsburg. Since everyone meant that the pastor would hold the service in the afternoon, the only person left from the rectory was the schoolmaster - his name is Konr. Gottl. Keplinger - and to everyone's amazement to see the powdered hair going to church, he then chose a chapter in front of the altar, but read it so that everyone could see how much wine had been awarded to him. ”The deer steward Jakob Holtz in Graben has a wine buying process with the chancellor, the pastor's brother.
In 1751, according to the protocol, we find in the community of Graben "everything calm that next to God can be attributed to the precise care of the discreet Schultheißen (Mayors or Sheriffs) - his name was Christoph Kemp"
As Vicar he had Ernst Friedrich Wider von Weissenburg, who later became a pastor in Graben.
1822 Gottlob Bec - Notes on how Pastors wrote:
Pig tails, in Germany are called Schweineschwanz or Ringelschwanz, in Switzerland Sauschwäntzli - some like it as Delkatesse ...
The pastor was likely called T. G. Beck, Pfarrer. He starts the firt paragraph with: Den dreissigsten März ...which is the same as Im dreissigsten März (30iest of March)
the Last line is the dating line and signature: Graben (villiage), den 4ten (fourth) of April 1822
The signature are often as today hardly readable and a lot of "art work" with many Sauschwänzli. We call a hand writing in Swiss German which is hardly readable eine Sauschrift (a pig writing)
Translation of Katharina’s death record:
The pastor always introduces the sentence with: Jm (= Im = at the date) achten (tenth) Novemb. (November) ... starb (died) ...
The Pastor makes these funny circles that we call Schweineschwänzchen (little pigs tail) with the first word Im at the beginning of the sentence. Sometimes at the end of a word or sentence he adds the pig tails. It does not mean anything at the beginning, simply decoration.
Im (at the date) zehnten (tenth) of November starb (she died ) and she was buried in the grave yard: Begraben ? (enterred) 12, November 1825, Katharina Scholl, maiden name Nüchter, Witwe (widow).
Immigrated to Falls City, NE
Wilhelm Bider 1877 Falls City, Farmer
Auguft Blau 1879 Falls City, Farmer
Karl Heilmann 1880 Falls City Farmer
Katharine Heilmann-Wetzel 1880 Falls City
August Herbfter Falls City, Farmer
Friedrich Heufer 1889 Falls City, Farmer
Otto Hüttner 1893 Falls City, Farmer
Karl Kohler 1880 Falls City, Farmer
Friedrich Maier 1890 Falls City, Farmer
Jakob Rösch 1878 Falls City, Farmer
Jakob Friedr. Rosch 1879 Falls City, Farmer
Magdalene Rosch, FallsCity
Friedrich Scholl 1881 Falls City Farmer
Karl Scholl, Falls City, Farmer
Simon Scholl Falls City, Farmer
Hermann Schreiber Falls City Farmer
August Süss 1857 FallsCity, Farmer
Daniel Wenz 1893 Falls City Farmer
Jakob Werner 1881 Falls City, Farmer
Jakob Friedrich Werner 1890 Falls City Farmer
Albert Zimmermann 1857 Falls City, Farmer
Heinrich Zimmermann 1888 bei Falls City Farmer